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lectio divina
In Christianity, ''Lectio Divina'' (Latin for "Divine Reading") is a traditional Benedictine practice of scriptural reading, meditation and prayer intended to promote communion with God and to increase the knowledge of God's Word. It does not treat Scripture as texts to be studied, but as the Living Word.〔''Opening to God: Lectio Divina and Life as Prayer'' by David G. Benner 2010 ISBN 0-8308-3542-3 pages 47–53〕
Traditionally, ''Lectio Divina'' has four separate steps: read; meditate; pray; contemplate. First a passage of Scripture is read, then its meaning is reflected upon. This is followed by prayer and contemplation on the Word of God.〔
The focus of ''Lectio Divina'' is not a theological analysis of biblical passages but viewing them with Christ as the key to their meaning. For example, given Jesus' statement in John 14:27: "Peace I leave with you; my peace I give unto you", an analytical approach would focus on the reason for the statement during the Last Supper, the biblical context, etc. In ''Lectio Divina'', however, the practitioner "enters" and shares the peace of Christ rather than "dissecting" it.〔 In some Christian teachings, this form of meditative prayer leads to an increased knowledge of Christ.〔''Teaching world civilization with joy and enthusiasm'' by Benjamin Lee Wren 2004 ISBN 0-7618-2747-1 page 236〕〔''The Way of Perfection'' by Teresa of Avila 2007 ISBN 1-4209-2847-3 page 145〕
The roots of Scriptural reflection and interpretation go back to Origen in the 3rd century, after whom St. Ambrose taught them to St. Augustine.〔〔 The monastic practice of ''Lectio Divina'' was first established in the 6th century by Saint Benedict and was then formalized as a four-step process by the Carthusian monk Guigo II during the 12th century.〔 In the 20th century, the constitution ''Dei verbum'' of the Second Vatican Council recommended ''Lectio Divina'' to the general public and its importance was affirmed by Pope Benedict XVI at the start of the 21st century.〔
== History and development ==
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